Nutritional losses and gains during processing: future problems and issues†
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Time-related issues with application to health gains and losses.
Time-related aspects of health have attracted increasing interest, and it has become evident that many medical situations concern the exchange of present-day costs for future benefits. Traditional decision analytic paradigms weigh the probability of outcomes and the value of outcomes. Such analyses are incomplete if they do not consider the time of the outcome as well. The concept of diminishin...
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Loss aversion in choice is commonly assumed to arise from the anticipation that losses have a greater effect on feelings than gains, but evidence for this assumption in research on judged feelings is mixed. We argue that loss aversion is present in judged feelings when people compare gains and losses and assess them on a common scale. But many situations in which people judge and express their ...
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This paper extends the common inclination for people to value losses more than gains to the measurement of time preferences. This extension provides testable predictions of a pattern of discount rates that includes use of higher rates to discount the value of future gains than future losses. Two empirical tests, one for differing valuations of future outcomes and the other for varied discount r...
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Monte Carlo simulations are used to demonstrate that a very attractive tax-based trading strategy is to realize all capital losses, using excess losses to offset realized gains to rebalance the portfolio. This strategy increases the mean and median return by taking advantage of the tax-deductibility of losses, and mitigates risk by allowing low-cost portfolio rebalancing. This portfolio rebalan...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
سال: 2002
ISSN: 0029-6651,1475-2719
DOI: 10.1079/pns2001142